RESEARCH ON THE MECHANISM OF FROST HEAVES CAUSED BY VOID WATER ACCUMULATION BEHIND THE LINING OF HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY TUNNELS IN COLD REGIONS

(1) Background: Lining voids and macroscopic water freezing are both prominent issues that threaten driving safety in high-speed railway tunnels.With the continuous expansion of the scale of high-speed rail tunnels in extremely cold areas in China, the issues of lining voids, water accumulation, and frost heaving have triggered heated discussions.T

Patient-ventilator synchrony is a major concern in critical care and is influenced by phasic lung-volume feedback control of the respiratory rhythm.Routine clinical application of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) introduces a tonic input which, if unopposed, might disrupt respiratory-ventilator entrainment through sustained activation of the